Tai chi principles | ||
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Quality
Quality is what you really should be seeking from a class. It is far
more important than gratification, or confirmation of your expectations.
But what constitutes 'quality'?
To answer this, you need to have some measure of understanding regarding the
essence of the art. How can you assess the quality of something if you do
not even understand what it is?
(Consider doing some research...)
Why do I see things this way?
Because this is the Way things are.
(Lao Tzu)
Learn the basics
Tai chi teaches certain basic
skills:
How to connect the limbs to the torso
How to yield
How to create space
How to be flexible
How to work without tensing-up
How to be composed
How to move your whole body
How to be loose and heavy
How to go with the flow
How to respond without thinking
These skills are
accomplished by implementing the key principles.
5
missing pieces
Many tai chi classes lack 5 important elements necessary in order for
tai chi to function as a martial art:
Neigong (whole-body strength)
Martial concepts (what combat constitutes and how to do it effectively)
Chin na (the art of seizing)
Shuai jiao (take downs)
Jing (whole-body power)
Without these 5 components, tai chi is lacking something and may not work in
combat.
Key principles
An instructor should possess these generic skills:
An understanding of the following:
- 36 Strategies
- The Art of War
- Chuang Tzu
- I Ching (Book of Changes)
- how to teach
- mutual arising
- Tai Chi Classics
- the Tao
- Tao Te Ching
- te (essence)
- tzu-jan (of itself so)
- yin/yang
- Zen
The ability to explain and
demonstrate:
- 13 methods
- 4 ounces of pressure
- 6 balanced pairs
- biomechanical considerations
- change
- chin na
- fa jing
- folding
- groundpath
- jing
- mushin (surrender/immersion)
- neigong
- opening & closing
- reeling silk
- shen (emotional content)
- shuai jiao
- sinking & rooting
- softness
- substantial & insubstantial
- sung
- weaponry
- wu nien (not preparing)
- wu wei (not forcing)
- Yang Cheng Fu's 10 essential points
- yielding
- zanshin (continuing mind)
The application of the
principles in combat:
- without emotion
- without being tense
- without opposing the incoming force
- without necessarily hurting the assailant
These precepts are
not something that you can expect to grasp overnight. They are what make the
art 'tai chi'.
The list is not comprehensive.
In many martial arts schools the
practice was carried out in secrecy and the school's very existence was
frequently concealed from the authorities. For example, tai chi is based on
body of principles known to be around 2000 years old yet it was not revealed until
1750.
(Howard Reid)
Sifu Waller's tips
These 5 points highlight straightforward criteria for practicing your tai chi:
Practice & study
- learn what the essence of tai chi really is
- keep the practice authentic, practical and functional; rooted in
biomechanics, the realities of combat, The Tai Chi Classics, martial
principles and Taoism/Zen
- practice every day, but don't go overboard
Biomechanics
- keep your focus on the human body: muscles, skeleton, joints, tendons,
ligaments, facia - rather than qi
- healthy skeletal alignment, ergonomics, balance, ambidextrous use of
the limbs, gait, poise
- whole-body strength/movement/power
Just enough
- tai chi is about relaxing and
releasing rather than over-stretching
- adjust when necessary to maintain biomechanical advantage
- rely on positioning, sensitivity, jing, yielding, stickiness,
pressure, balance and centre rather than force
- avoid extremes, over-stretching and excess
Play in the joints
- this indicates sung and the capacity to fold
- change and nimbleness are easy to achieve
- rely on kwa
- avoid collapsing the joint or straightening the joint
Smooth & continuous
- square on the inside, round on the outside
- cutting the circle
- move from the centre and avoid start/stop
It is
possible to perform tai chi in an external manner that is aesthetically
pleasing but not actually internal. Applying the 5 points as assessment
criteria will serve to instantly confirm correct practice.
Martial arts
A good instructor should be capable of demonstrating the tai chi fighting
method without hurting you. They can demonstrate striking power on a focus
mitt. Do not be afraid to ask questions.
Gauge the effectiveness of what they show you:
Did it work?
Did they compromise themselves? Were they over-committing?
Was there any adverse feedback?
Did they allow for multiple attackers?
What did it do to the opponent?
Were they forcing an outcome? Or did it flow?
Was it easy to perform?
Smooth or jarring?
Was it hurried and quick? Were they calm and composed?
Can they evade an armed opponent?
Tai chi is
an art where all the principles of other martial arts have been turned upside
down.
They practice fast, we practice slow.
They practice hard, we practice soft.
(Cheng
Man Ching)
Page created
18 April 1995
Last updated
16 June 2023
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